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Sorrow is an emotion, feeling or sentiment. Sorrow "is more 'intense' than sadness... it implies a long-term state".〔Anna Wierzbicka, ''Emotions across Languages and Cultures'' (1999) p. 66〕 At the same time "sorrow — but not unhappiness — suggests a degree of resignation... which lends sorrow its peculiar air of dignity".〔Wierzbicka, p. 66〕 Moreover, "in terms of attitude, sorrow can be said to be half way between ''sadness'' (accepting) and ''distress'' (not accepting)".〔Wierzbicka, p. 66〕 ==Cult== Romanticism saw a cult of sorrow develop, reaching back to ''The Sorrows of Young Werther'' of 1774, and extending through the nineteenth century with contributions like Tennyson's "In Memoriam" — "O Sorrow, wilt thou live with me/No casual mistress, but a wife"〔''In Memoriam'' (London 1851) p. 84〕 — up to W. B. Yeats in 1889, still "of his high comrade Sorrow dreaming".〔W. B. Yeats, ''The Poems'' (London 1983) p. 8〕 While it may be that "the Romantic hero's cult of sorrow is largely a matter of pretence",〔Lilian R. Furst, ''Romanticism in Perspective'' (1979) p. 102-3〕 as Jane Austen pointed out satirically through Marianne Dashwood, "brooding over her sorrows... this excess of suffering"〔Jane Austen, ''Sense and Sensibility'' (London 1932) p. 183 and p. 157〕 could have serious consequences. Partly in reaction, the 20th century has by contrast been pervaded by the belief that "''acting'' sorrowful can actually make me sorrowful, as William James long ago observed".〔Jenefer Robinson, ''Deeper than Reason'' (2005) p. 82〕 Certainly "in the modern Anglo-emotional culture, characterized by the 'dampening of the emotions' in general... sorrow has largely given way to the milder, less painful, and more transient sadness".〔Wierzbicka, p. 67〕 A latter-day Werther is likely to be greeted by the call to '"Come off it, Gordon. We all know there is no sorrow like unto your sorrow"';〔C. P. Snow, ''Last Things'' (Penguin 1974) p. 251〕 while any conventional 'valeoftearishness and deathwhereisthystingishness' would be met by the participants 'looking behind the sombre backs of one another's cards and discovering their colored faces'.〔Günter Grass, ''The Meeting at Telgte'' (London 1981) p. 94〕 Perhaps only the occasional subculture like the Jungian would still seek to 'call up from the busy adult man the sorrow of animal life, the grief of all nature, "the tears of things"'.〔Robert Bly, ''Iron John'' (Dorset 1991) p. 239〕 Late modernity has (if anything) only intensified the shift: 'the postmodern is closer to the human comedy than to the abyssal discontent...the abyss of sorrow'.〔Julia Kristeva, ''Black Sun'' (New York 1989) p. 258-9 and p. 3〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sorrow (emotion)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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